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string-view-temporary-string-cpp.yml
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id: string-view-temporary-string-cpp
language: Cpp
severity: warning
message: >-
This `std::string_view` is constructed from a temporary `std::string`.
The `std::string` value is immeadiately destroyed after assignment and
accessing data through the `std::string_view` will trigger a
use-after-free.
note: >-
[CWE-416] Use After Free.
[REFERENCES]
- https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/cplusplus/MEM50-CPP.+Do+not+access+freed+memory
ast-grep-essentials: true
utils:
$VAR = std::to_string(...):
# $VAR = std::to_string(...);
kind: expression_statement
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(string_view|wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^std::to_string$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
$VAR = $EXPR.substr(...):
# $VAR = std::to_string(...);
kind: expression_statement
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(string_view|wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: field_expression
regex: ^(string.substr|wstring.substr)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
$VAR = $EXPR + ...:
# $VAR = $EXPR + ...
kind: expression_statement
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(string_view|wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string)$
nthChild: 1
$VAR = "..." + $EXPR:
# $VAR = "..." + $EXPR
kind: expression_statement
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(string_view|wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: string_literal
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
regex: ^(string|wstring)$
$VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR:
# $VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR
kind: expression_statement
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_literal
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
$VAR_instance = $EXPR_instance + ...:
kind: expression_statement
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
$VAR_instance = $EXPR_instance.substr(...):
# $VAR = std::to_string(...);
kind: expression_statement
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: field_expression
all:
- any:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: field_identifier
regex: ^substr$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
$VAR_instance = std::to_string(...):
# $VAR = std::to_string(...);
kind: expression_statement
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: assignment_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^std::to_string$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
$VAR(std::to_string(...)):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^std::to_string$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
$VAR(std::to_string(...))_as_declaration:
kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^std::to_string$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
$VAR($EXPR + ...):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: binary_expression
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string)$
nthChild: 1
$VAR($EXPR_instance + ...):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(std::basic_string_view<.*>|basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
nthChild: 1
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
$VAR("..." + $EXPR_instance ):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: end
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_literal
nthChild: 1
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_content
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
nthChild: 2
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
$VAR("..." + $EXPR):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_literal
nthChild: 1
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_content
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
nthChild: 2
regex: ^(wstring|string)$
$VAR($EXPR.substr(...)):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: field_expression
regex: ^(string.substr|wstring.substr)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
$VAR($EXPR_instance.substr(...)):
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view|std::basic_string_view<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: argument_list
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: call_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: field_expression
all:
- any:
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: field_identifier
regex: ^substr$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: argument_list
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
$VAR_instance $VAR = "..." + $EXPR:
# $VAR_instance $VAR = "..." + $EXPR
kind: declaration
all:
- has:
kind: type_identifier
regex: ^(string_view|basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|std::string_view|std::wstring_view|wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $VAR_INSTANCE
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_literal
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
$VAR $VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR:
# $VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR
kind: declaration
all:
- has:
nthChild: 1
regex: ^(basic_string_view<.*>|std::basic_string_view<.*>|string_view|std::string_view|wstring_view|std::wstring_view)$
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: init_declarator
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: binary_expression
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: string_literal
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- any:
- inside:
stopBy: end
follows:
stopBy: end
kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
nthChild: 1
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
- follows:
stopBy: end
any:
- kind: field_declaration
- kind: declaration
all:
- has:
stopBy: neighbor
any:
- kind: type_identifier
- kind: qualified_identifier
regex: ^(wstring|string|std::wstring|std::string|std::basic_string<.*>|basic_string<.*>)$
- has:
stopBy: end
kind: init_declarator
has:
stopBy: end
kind: identifier
pattern: $EXPR_INSTANCE
rule:
any:
- kind: expression_statement
any:
- matches: $VAR = std::to_string(...)
- matches: $VAR = $EXPR.substr(...)
- matches: $VAR = $EXPR + ...
- matches: $VAR = "..." + $EXPR
- matches: $VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR
- matches: $VAR_instance = $EXPR_instance + ...
- matches: $VAR_instance = $EXPR_instance.substr(...)
- matches: $VAR_instance = $EXPR_instance.substr(...)
- matches: $VAR_instance = std::to_string(...)
- kind: call_expression
any:
- matches: $VAR(std::to_string(...))
- matches: $VAR($EXPR + ...)
- matches: $VAR($EXPR_instance + ...)
- matches: $VAR("..." + $EXPR_instance )
- matches: $VAR("..." + $EXPR)
- matches: $VAR($EXPR.substr(...))
- matches: $VAR($EXPR_instance.substr(...))
- kind: declaration
any:
- matches: $VAR(std::to_string(...))_as_declaration
- matches: $VAR_instance $VAR = "..." + $EXPR
- matches: $VAR $VAR_instance = "..." + $EXPR
all:
- not:
has:
stopBy: end
kind: ERROR
- not:
inside:
stopBy: end
kind: ERROR